ºê»ùÒò×é(Metagenomics)£¬Ò²³ÆÔª»ùÒò×飬ʹÓÃÐÂÒ»´ú¸ßͨÁ¿²âÐòÊÖÒÕ(Next Generation Sequencingtechnology, NGS)ÒÔÌض¨ÇéÐÎÏÂ΢ÉúÎïȺÌå»ùÒò×éΪÑо¿¹¤¾ß£¬ÔÚÆÊÎö΢ÉúÎï¶àÑùÐÔ¡¢ÖÖȺ½á¹¹¡¢½ø»¯¹ØϵµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬¿É½øÒ»²½Ì½ÌÖ΢ÉúÎïȺÌ幦Ч»îÐÔ¡¢Ï໥Ð×÷¹Øϵ¼°ÓëÇéÐÎÖ®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ£¬¾ò¿ÍDZÔÚµÄÉúÎïѧÒâÒå¡£Óë¹Å°å΢ÉúÎïÑо¿ÒªÁìÏà±È£¬ºê»ùÒò×é²âÐòÊÖÒÕ¹æ±ÜÁ˾ø´ó²¿·Ö΢ÉúÎï²»¿É×÷Óý¡¢ºÛÁ¿¾úÎÞ·¨¼ì²âµÄÈõµã£¬Òò´Ë½üÄêÀ´ÔÚÇéÐÎ΢ÉúÎïѧÑо¿ÖлñµÃÁËÆÕ±éÓ¦Óá£
ͨÁ¿¸ß£¬ÓµÓбê×¼»¯ÊµÑéÊҺ͸ßͨÁ¿²âÐòƽ̨£¬Êý¾Ý¿â¿É¿¿
¿É¼ì²â²»¿É×÷ÓýÎïÖÖ£¬¿É¼ì²âºÛÁ¿Î¢ÉúÎï
רҵµÄÉúÎïÐÅÏ¢ÍŶӣ¬¿ÉÒÔÖª×ã¸öÐÔ»¯µÄÉúÎïÐÅÏ¢ÆÊÎöÒªÇó
? Ñù±¾ÒªÇó
ÍÁÈÀ£º10 g/sample
·à±ã£º3-5 g/sample
ѪҺ£º10 mL/sample
ÎÛÄà/³Á»ýÎ5-10 g/sample
DNA£º×ÜÁ¿¡Ý1 ¦Ìg£¬Å¨¶È¡Ý100 ng/¦ÌL
? ¼ì²âƽ̨
²âÐòƽ̨£ºNova Seq 6000£¬Illumina
²âÐòÒªÁ죺PE150
²âÐòÉî¶È£º6G/10G/12G
? ͨÀýÏîÄ¿ÖÜÆÚ
42¸ö×ÔÈ»ÈÕ
- ҽѧÁìÓò£º´úл²¡Ñо¿¡¢Ö×Áö°©Ö¢Ñо¿µÈ
- ÐóÄÁÁìÓò£º³¦µÀ¡¢Áöθ(Èç²ú¼×Íé¾úÀàȺ)Ó붯Î￵½¡/ÓªÑøÏû»¯Ñо¿µÈ
- Å©ÒµÁìÓò£º¸ù¼Ê΢ÉúÎïÓëÖ²Îﻥ×÷¡¢Å©Òµ¸û×÷/Ê©·Ê´¦Öóͷ£ÓëÍÁÈÀ΢ÉúÎïȺÂäÑо¿µÈ
- ÇéÐÎÁìÓò£ºÎíö²´¦Öóͷ£¡¢ÎÛË®ÖÎÀí¡¢Ê¯Óͽµ½â¡¢ËáÐÔ¿óË®´¦Öóͷ£¼°º£ÑóÇéÐÎÑо¿µÈ
- ÉúÎïÄÜÔ´£ºÌØÊ⹦ЧµÄ¾úÖê¡¢»ùÒòÍÚ¾ò¡¢¹¤³Ì¾úµÄ¿ª·¢Ñо¿
- ÌØÊ⼫¶ËÇéÐΣº¼«¶ËÇéÐÎÌõ¼þϵÄ΢ÉúÎïÀàȺÑо¿
? ºê»ùÒò×éºÍ´úл×éÆÊÎöÕ¹ÏÖ³¦µÀ¾úȺÏÔ×ŵĽáÖ±³¦°©½×¶ÎÐÔÌØÒì±íÐÍ
Ñо¿¹¤¾ß£º ÈË
ÆÚ¿¯£º Nature Medicine
Ó°ÏìÒò×Ó£º 30.641
ʱ¼ä£º 2019Äê
? Ñо¿Åä¾°
´ó´ó¶¼É¢·¢ÐÔ½áÖ±³¦°©µÄ±¬·¢ÊǶಽÀú³Ì£¬Ê×ÏÈÐγÉÏ¢ÈâÑùÏÙÁö£¬È»ºóÉú³¤ÎªÕ³Ä¤ÄÚ°©£¬×îºóÉú³¤Îª¶ñÐÔÖ×Áö£¬ÆäÐγÉÐèÒªÀú¾¼¸Ê®ÄêµÄʱ¼ä£¬ÔçÆÚ°©Ö¢µÄ·¢Ã÷ºÍÄÚ¾µÇгýÊÇ°©Ö¢¿ØÖÆÓÐÓÃÊֶΣ¬³¦µÀ¾úȺÓë½áÖ±³¦°©µÄ±¬·¢ÓÐÇ×½ü¹Øϵ¡£
? Ñо¿Ð§¹û
»ùÓÚºê»ùÒò×éºÍ´úл×éÑо¿Æ½Ì¨£¬¶ÔÀ´×Ô×ðÐÐÁÐCRCÖеÄ616ÃûºÍ406ÃûÑùÌìÖ°±ð¾ÙÐÐÁË·à±ãºê»ùÒò×éºÍ´úл×éѧÑо¿,»ñµÃ²î±ð½×¶Î(MP, S0, SI /SII, III/SIV, HS)²¡ÀýÌØÒìÐÔ±íÐ͵Ä΢ÉúÎAtopob iumparvulumºÍB. wadsworthiaµÈ£©ºÍ´úл£¨°±»ùËáºÍµ¨ÖËáµÈ£©±ê¼ÇÎÇÒ½øÒ»²½Ì½Ë÷¸öÌåÖ±³¦°©»¼Õߵij¦µÀ΢ÉúÎï×éÓëÖ×ÁöÓëÌØÕ÷Ö®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ¡£
? Ч¹ûչʾ
(1)ºê»ùÒò×éºÍ´úл×éÆÊÎö
ºê»ùÒò×éÆÊÎöÊ×ÏÈ·¢Ã÷BacteroidesºÍPrevotellaÊÇËùÓÐÊÜÊÔÕߺͿµ½¡±ÈÕÕÖÐת±ä×î´óµÄ¾ú¡£½øÒ»²½µÄÑо¿»¹È·¶¨ÁËÓëCRC¹ØÁªµÄÐÂÎïÖÖ£¬ÆäÖÐColinsella aerofaciens, Dorealongicatena, PorphyromonasuenonisºÍStreptococcus anginosusµÈÔÚIII/IVÖÐÏÔÖøÉý¸ß¡£´úл×éÆÊÎö·¢Ã÷£¬´ó³¦ÖÐÖ÷ÒªÄÜÔ´ÎïÖʱûËáÑκͶ¡ËáÑÎÊǺ¬Á¿×î¸ßµÄÁ½ÖÖ´úлÎ¶þÇâÄòà×ऺÍÄòËØÒ²±£´æ½Ï´ó²î±ð¡£Ó뿵½¡±ÈÕÕ×éÏà±È£¬MPÖÐDCA (ÍÑÑõµ¨ËáÑÎ)Ũ¶ÈÏÔÖøÉý¸ß; S0Öиʰ±µ¨ËáÑκÍÅ£»Çµ¨ËáÑÎŨ¶ÈÏÔÖøÉý¸ß£»Ö§Á´°±»ùËᣬ±½±û°±ËᣬÀÒ°±Ëᣬ¸Ê°±Ëᣬ˿°±ËáŨ¶ÈÒ²Éý¸ß¡£
ͼ1.³¦µÀ¾úȺÓë´úлÎïת±ä
(2)¹¦Ð§ÆÊÎöºÍ±ê¼ÇÎïɸѡ
»ùÓÚKEGGÊý¾Ý¿âɸѡ³ö1243¸öͬԴ»ùÒò£¨KO»ùÒò£©ÔÚÖÁÉÙÒ»¸ö½×¶ÎÏÔÖøÉý¸ß£¬96¸öKO»ùÒòÔÚÖÁÉÙÒ»¸ö½×¶ÎÏÔÖø½µµÍ¡£ÔÚ²î±ð×îÏÔÖøµÄͨ·ÖУ¬·¼Ïã×å°±»ùËá´úлºÍ²úÁò»¯ÎïµÄͨ·ÓëCRCÏà¹Ø¡£¼ÓÈë±½±û°±ËáºÍÀÒ°±ËáºÏ³ÉµÄ»ùÒòÏÔÖøÉý¸ß£¬ÆäÖÐpheC±»È·¶¨ÎªÇø·ÖS0»¼ÕߺͿµ½¡±ÈÕյĵ÷Ö×î¸ß±ê¼ÇÎͨ¹ý¹¹½¨Ëæ»úÉÁÖºÍLASSOÂß¼»Ø¹éÄ£×ÓÀ´Çø·Ö¿µ½¡±ÈÕÕÓëS0ºÍSIII/IV¡£ÔÚS0·ÖÀàÖУ¬ÌØÕ÷ÖµÊÇ°üÀ¨±àÂë»·¼º¶þÏ©»ùÍÑˮøµÄpheCµÄKO»ùÒò£»ÔÚSIII /IV·ÖÀàÖУ¬ÌØÕ÷ֵΪÒѱ»È·ÒÔΪCRC±ê¼ÇÎïµÄP. micra,P. stomatisºÍ F. nucleatumµÈ¿ÚÇ»ÑáÑõ¾ú¡£
ͼ2.±ê¼ÇÎïɸѡ
(3)Ч¹ûÑéÖ¤ºÍDZÔÚ»úÖÆ
¶Ô28ÃûCRC»¼Õߣ¨SI / IIºÍSIII / IV£©ÊõÇ°ºÍÊõºó1ÄêµÄ·à±ãÑùÆ·¾ÙÐкê»ùÒò×é²âÐò¡£Ð§¹ûÅú×¢£¬Ö×ÁöÇгýºóP. stomatis, P. anaerobiusºÍP. uenonisµÄÏà¶ÔƷò½µµÍ¡£
ͼ3.ÓëCRCÏà¹Ø΢ÉúÎïºÍ´úлÎïÑé֤Ч¹û
? ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
Yachida S et al., Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal distinct stage-specific phenotypes of the gut microbiota in colorectal cancer. Nat Med. 2019 doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0458-7.
ũѧƫÏò¡ª°¸ÀýÆÊÎö
? ´úл×éѧºÍºê»ùÒò×éѧÑо¿²î±ðÌí¼Ó¼Á¶ÔÇàÖüÆ·ÖʵÄÓ°Ïì
ÆÚ¿¯£º Bioresource Technology
Ó°ÏìÒò×Ó£º 9.642
ʱ¼ä£º 2020Äê
? Ñо¿Åä¾°
Éú³ÝÔöÌíÔö½øÁËÈ«ÇòÈâÀàºÍÅ£ÄÌÏûºÄÁ¿ÔöÌí£¬ÑøÖ³ËùÐèËÇÁÏÓÃÁ¿Ò²ÖðÄêÉÏÉý£¬·¢½ÍºóµÄËÇÁÏÊǾÙÐÐÅ©¸±²úÆ·´¦Öóͷ£¸üºÃµÄÑ¡Ôñ¡£¹ÞÍ·³§Ã¿ÄêÑïÆú´ó×ÚµÄÆÆËéÌðÓñÃ×£¬¿ÅÁ£Öк¬Óдó×ÚµÄË®ÈÜÐÔ̼ˮ»¯ºÏÎï¡¢µí·ÛºÍË®·Ö£¬µ«¸ßº¬Á¿µÄË®·ÖÖÆÔ¼×ÅÇàÖüÆ·ÖÊ¡£Ò»Ð©ÇàÖüÌí¼Ó¼Á£¬È绯ѧÊÔ¼Á¡¢Ã¸¡¢ÈéËá¾úµÈ΢ÉúÎï¿ÉÒÔÔö½ø·¢½Í£¬Ìá¸ßÓªÑø¼ÛÖµ£¬¸ÄÉÆÉüÐó¿µ½¡¡£ËäÈ»ÒÑÓÐÑо¿·¢Ã÷Ìí¼Ó¼ÁµÄʹÓÃÓ°ÏìÇàÖüËÇÁÏÖÐϸ¾úȺÂäµÄ×é³ÉºÍÏà¶ÔƷò£¬µ«¶ÔÇàÖüÖеĿ¹ÐÔ»ùÒòºÍ´úлÎïµÄÓ°ÏìÑо¿½ÏÉÙ¡£
? Ñо¿Ð§¹û
»ùÓÚLC-MS·Ç°Ð´úл×éѧºÍºê»ùÒò×éÊÖÒÕƽ̨£¬¶ÔËÄÖÖ²î±ð´¦Öóͷ£µÄ¸ßË®·ÖÓñÃ×Á£ÇàÖü£¨È¥Àë×ÓË®CK¡¢ÏãÀ¼ËØV¡¢Ö²ÎïÈé¸Ë¾úLPºÍ¶ÌÈé¸Ë¾úLB£¬n = 6/×é)¾ÙÐÐÑо¿£¬²¢·¢Ã÷²î±ðÌí¼Ó¼Á¶ÔÇàÖüµÄ´úлÎ΢ÉúÎïȺÂä¡¢²¡¶¾ºÍ¿¹ÉúËØ¿¹ÐÔ»ùÒòÂþÑܾùÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÓ°Ïì¡£
(1)Ìí¼Ó¼Á¶Ô΢ÉúÎïȺÂäµÄÓ°Ïì
¶ÔÌðÓñÃ×ÇàÖüËÇÁÏÍâò΢ÉúÎïºÍÄÚ²¿Î¢ÉúÎﶼ¾ÙÐÐÁ˺ê»ùÒò×é²âÐò¡£·¢Ã÷Ìí¼Ó¼ÁÏÔÖøÓ°ÏìÇàÖüËÇÁÏÖеÄ΢ÉúÎï×é³É¡£ÌðÓñÃ×Á£ÇàÖüµÄ½ç¡¢ÃÅ¡¢ÊôºÍÖÖˮƽµÄ΢ÉúÎïȺÂäÈçͼËùʾ¡£³ýÁËÒÑÖªµÄϸ¾úºÍÕæ¾úÍ⣬ÇàÖüËÇÁÏÖл¹±£´æÖݪֲ¡¶¾ºÍ¹Å¾ú¡£ÏãÀ¼ËØ´¦Öóͷ£ÇàÖüÑùÆ·Öв¡¶¾µÄ±ÈÀý×î¸ß(2.7%)£¬LP¡¢LBºÍ±ÈÕÕ´¦Öóͷ£ÇàÖüÑùÆ·Öв¡¶¾µÄ±ÈÀý»®·ÖΪ1.3%¡¢1.2%ºÍ1.5%¡£
(2)Ìí¼Ó¼Á¶Ô¿¹ÉúËØÄÍÒ©ÐÔ£¨ARO£©µÄÓ°Ïì
ÇàÖüËÇÁÏÖÐÌí¼ÓµÄ¿¹Î¢ÉúÎﻯºÏÎïºÍ΢ÉúÎﱬ·¢µÄ´ÎÉú´úл²úÆ·¶¼¶ÔAROµÄÄÍÒ©¾ú×é³ÉºÍ×îÖÕº¬Á¿±¬·¢Ó°Ïì¡£ËäÈ»·¢½ÍÌØÕ÷Åú×¢VÊÇÒ»ÖÖºÜÓÐÔ¶¾°µÄÇàÖüÌí¼Ó¼Á£¬µ«ËüµÄÓ¦ÓÿÉÄܻᵼÖÂAROÔÚʳÓÃÇàÖüËÇÁϵĶ¯ÎﳦµÀÖÐÈö²¥¡£
(3)Ìí¼Ó¼Á¶Ô²¡¶¾µÄÓ°Ïì
±¾ÎÄÊÇÊ״η¢Ã÷ÇàÖüÖв¡¶¾µÄ²î±ð£»¹ØÓÚ²¡¶¾ÊÇÔõÑùÓ°ÏìÇàÖüÖеÄ΢ÉúÎïȺÂäµÄδ¾ÙÐÐÉîÈëÑо¿¡£µ«ÆðÔ´È·¶¨²¡¶¾Í¨¹ýÈö²¥¶¾Á¦Òò×ӺͿ¹ÉúËØ¿¹ÐÔ»ùÒòÌá¸ß¶¾Á¦/¿¹ÐÔÐÔ×´µÄ±í´ï¡£Òò´Ë£¬¸ß²¡¶¾º¬Á¿¿ÉÄÜÊÇV´¦Öóͷ£ÇàÖüËÇÁÏÖÐARO»ùÒòƷòÉý¸ßµÄÁíÒ»¸öÏà¹ØÒòËØ¡£
(4)Ìí¼Ó¼Á¶Ô´úлÎïµÄÓ°Ïì
LBºÍLP´¦Öóͷ£ÇàÖüµÄ´úлÎïµÄº¬Á¿»®·Ö¸ßÓÚ±ÈÕÕ×éÇàÖüµÄº¬Á¿¡£±ðµÄ£¬Óë±ÈÕÕ×éÇàÖüÏà±È£¬V´¦Öóͷ£ÔöÌíÁË93¸ö´úлÎïµÄº¬Á¿£¬½µµÍÁË139¸ö»¯ºÏÎïµÄº¬Á¿£¬¶øLPºÍLB´¦Öóͷ£»®·Ö½µµÍÁË14ºÍ16¸ö´úлÎïµÄº¬Á¿¡£ÔÚÇàÖü35Ììºó£¬V´¦Öóͷ£µÄÇàÖüÑùÆ·±È±ÈÕÕ´¦Öóͷ£µÄÇàÖüÑùÆ·¼ì²âµ½¸ü¶àµÄÈâ¹ðËá¼°ÆäÑÜÉúÎï¡£
? ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
Additives affect the distribution of metabolic profile, microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes in high-moisture sweet corn kernel silage.